Vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition involving the vulva, often described as burning, stinging, irritation, or rawness without an identifiable cause. The pain can be constant or provoked by touch, such as during sex, tampon use, or prolonged sitting. It can severely affect quality of life and is often underdiagnosed. The exact cause is unknown, but potential contributing factors include nerve sensitivity, hormonal changes, pelvic floor dysfunction, or past infections. Treatment is multifactorial and may include topical medications, pelvic floor physical therapy, nerve blocks, or behavioral therapy.