PCOS is a common hormonal disorder affecting individuals of reproductive age. It is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excessive androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries visible on ultrasound. Symptoms often include acne, hirsutism, weight gain, and infertility. The exact cause is unknown, but insulin resistance and genetic factors are believed to play a role. Treatment is individualized and may involve hormonal contraceptives, lifestyle changes, and medications like metformin.