Vaginal dryness is a condition where there is a lack of natural lubrication in the vaginal tissues, often resulting in discomfort, irritation, or pain during intercourse. It is most commonly caused by decreased estrogen levels, such as during menopause, postpartum, or while breastfeeding. Other causes include certain medications, stress, and hormonal contraceptives. Treatment options range from lubricants and vaginal moisturizers to estrogen therapy.