Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat a variety of fungal infections affecting the skin, scalp, and internal organs. It works by interfering with the production of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell damage and death. Ketoconazole is available in different forms, including creams, shampoos, and oral tablets. Topical forms are commonly used to treat conditions like athlete’s foot, ringworm, and seborrheic dermatitis, while oral forms may be prescribed for more severe systemic infections. Due to potential side effects, especially with oral use, it is typically used under medical supervision.