Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition in which tissue that closely resembles the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, grows outside the uterine cavity. This tissue can attach to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic organs, leading to inflammation, scarring, and significant pain, especially during menstruation. Endometriosis can also contribute to infertility and requires long-term management through hormonal treatments, pain relievers, or surgery.